0:00:00.647,0:00:02.612
The web is about information accessibility

0:00:02.612,0:00:04.502
It's really a basic human freedom that we

0:00:04.503,0:00:06.557
are just really beginning to talk about in

0:00:06.557,0:00:09.017
the last decade.  It's important

0:00:09.019,0:00:11.369
therefore that everybody have this freedom

0:00:11.369,0:00:13.519
any freedom that's only allocated to a few

0:00:13.519,0:00:14.394
is not really a freedom.

0:00:14.414,0:00:18.194
The web is about information and  it's

0:00:18.234,0:00:20.364
important that people can access the

0:00:20.374,0:00:22.444
information that they need in order to

0:00:22.457,0:00:24.477
complete a workflow or get their job done

0:00:24.489,0:00:25.339
finish a task.

0:00:25.939,0:00:27.945
I think the web should be accessible to

0:00:27.945,0:00:30.230
everyone all the time. I grew up with it

0:00:30.230,0:00:34.050
being easily accessible to me. It's how

0:00:34.068,0:00:37.162
I learnt information easily. I can't

0:00:37.162,0:00:38.882
imagine someone not being able to just

0:00:38.892,0:00:41.103
google something instantly, and getting

0:00:41.117,0:00:42.207
what they need.

0:00:42.955,0:00:45.615
I think websites should be accessible

0:00:45.615,0:00:49.063
because...the web is founded kinda on this

0:00:49.063,0:00:50.973
idea of sharing information and if you

0:00:50.980,0:00:53.300
can't share information or if some people

0:00:53.300,0:00:55.230
can't see it , then it's not truly being shared.

0:00:55.271,0:01:04.951


0:01:10.552,0:01:12.249
We all have different abilities and

0:01:12.249,0:01:14.247
disabilities, and if we're all going to be

0:01:14.247,0:01:16.897
able to get the same content and interpret

0:01:16.897,0:01:18.987
it in a somewhat similar fashion, it has

0:01:18.993,0:01:21.054
to be given to us in that way and

0:01:21.054,0:01:22.507
accessible so that we can actually reach it

0:01:22.517,0:01:25.297
Accessibility is important for a number of

0:01:25.301,0:01:28.351
reasons.  For one, there are laws that

0:01:28.351,0:01:32.824
apply.Another is, it can relate to our

0:01:32.824,0:01:36.484
reputation. And a third is thatby

0:01:36.484,0:01:39.107
paying attention to it, we create a more

0:01:39.107,0:01:41.212
inclusive educational environment.

0:01:41.212,0:01:43.502
I think we are really good as developers

0:01:43.502,0:01:48.367
at being...focusing on the 80% case.

0:01:48.367,0:01:50.657
Focusing on how do we make every 4 out of

0:01:50.657,0:01:52.536
every 5 of our users happy. How do we

0:01:52.536,0:01:54.353
build things for those group of people,

0:01:54.353,0:01:58.046
because the last 20% is always hard.

0:01:58.046,0:02:00.882
But I say that the web is for 100%.

0:02:00.882,0:02:02.915
It's for everybody, which is what

0:02:02.915,0:02:03.884
Tim Burners-Lee said.

0:02:03.994,0:02:06.444
I'm definitely am very moved by this

0:02:06.464,0:02:08.395
notion of inclusiveness. I mean I think

0:02:08.395,0:02:11.066
that, for me it's a part of who I...

0:02:11.066,0:02:14.296
this is important to me. But  there's

0:02:14.296,0:02:18.906
also just the sort of,  the notion of

0:02:18.913,0:02:24.034
of having everybody's contributions to the

0:02:24.034,0:02:25.024
sort of...the knowledge.

0:02:25.232,0:02:28.122
Big challenge is, to escape your own

0:02:28.122,0:02:30.883
viewpoint. And to not make the assumption

0:02:30.903,0:02:32.999
that everyone sees the web the way you see

0:02:32.999,0:02:36.039
it, on the device you see,  the way

0:02:36.039,0:02:38.509
you use it. And so when you're creating

0:02:38.509,0:02:40.664
web pages, that's the biggest challenge,

0:02:40.664,0:02:43.564
is getting outside of where you're sitting.

0:02:43.610,0:02:46.930
The biggest obstacle to accessibility,

0:02:46.950,0:02:49.890
I think is...is pure knowledge.

0:02:49.890,0:02:51.736
It's really about putting yourself in the

0:02:51.736,0:02:53.430
mind of a person with disabilities.

0:02:53.430,0:02:56.980
A person who has, who has no motor skills

0:02:56.980,0:02:59.380
has no hands, has a lack of vision, has a

0:02:59.386,0:03:02.206
lack of hearing. May have a

0:03:02.206,0:03:04.488
cognitive disability. To be able to put

0:03:04.508,0:03:06.091
yourselves in their shoes and understand

0:03:06.091,0:03:08.302
how are they working with the thing that

0:03:08.302,0:03:09.772
I'm building or designing right now,

0:03:09.772,0:03:11.016
can they use it?

0:03:11.173,0:03:14.063
The alternative is, you build something

0:03:14.074,0:03:16.956
someone says "oh no it's not accessible!"

0:03:16.956,0:03:20.576
and so you go back and try to fix it but

0:03:20.576,0:03:22.489
you probably have been doing the wrong

0:03:22.489,0:03:24.817
thing at many places  you know you may

0:03:24.817,0:03:27.597
have hundreds of images with no alt text,

0:03:27.606,0:03:30.306
you may have navigation that's very confused

0:03:30.322,0:03:32.633
or you are relying on libraries that...

0:03:32.633,0:03:34.373
open internet explorer

0:03:34.373,0:03:36.103
it's just that the technologies aren't

0:03:36.103,0:03:39.031
going to figure out.  And so that's

0:03:39.041,0:03:40.546
when someone says, it's too much,

0:03:40.546,0:03:42.886
too expensive, it's too much work.

0:03:42.886,0:03:44.896
Well...just do it from the beginning and

0:03:44.896,0:03:47.496
it'll...it'll probably get a

0:03:47.506,0:03:50.026
quality product with less work.

0:03:50.592,0:03:52.752
Accessibility is important to incorporate

0:03:52.752,0:03:55.040
early on because if you don't

0:03:55.040,0:03:57.050
incorporate it early on, you will

0:03:57.050,0:03:59.583
incorporate it later at greater expense,

0:03:59.583,0:04:02.748
with a certain amount of time you don't have

0:04:02.748,0:04:04.398
with a certain amount of money you

0:04:04.398,0:04:05.798
don't have to try to make it better.

0:04:05.798,0:04:07.478
Accessibility, unfortunately like

0:04:07.478,0:04:09.127
everything else in design and web design

0:04:09.127,0:04:10.767
has to be done from the very beginning.

0:04:10.776,0:04:13.052
So whether you're designing for different

0:04:13.052,0:04:15.193
devices, whether doing for different kinds

0:04:15.193,0:04:17.603
of human abilities, all those things have

0:04:17.606,0:04:19.738
to be thought of from the very beginning

0:04:19.738,0:04:21.942
and built into your concept of what your

0:04:21.942,0:04:23.451
your plan is. Of course nobody wants to

0:04:23.451,0:04:24.991
take time at the end. We're almost there,

0:04:24.991,0:04:26.794
we just want to get it out, and that's the

0:04:26.794,0:04:28.617
mistake many of us make. It's like

0:04:28.617,0:04:30.767
"I'll just get it out, then I'll go back and fix it."

0:04:30.767,0:04:32.921
No. Doesn't ever happen. There's always

0:04:32.921,0:04:33.341
a next project.

0:04:33.341,0:04:35.987
The first step in getting an accessible

0:04:35.987,0:04:38.455
site, is to work with the management, so

0:04:38.455,0:04:40.243
they understand the value of making it

0:04:40.243,0:04:43.458
accessible, and also helping them

0:04:43.458,0:04:46.010
understand that  we can do pretty

0:04:46.010,0:04:48.680
much anything they want and be accesible.

0:04:48.684,0:04:52.614
If you just talk about accessibility, it

0:04:52.614,0:04:54.679
may not be immediately appreciated as

0:04:54.679,0:04:56.924
something important to do. But if you

0:04:56.924,0:05:01.216
start talking about quality and  the

0:05:01.216,0:05:03.445
overlap of search engine optimisation and

0:05:03.445,0:05:05.502
accessibility and things of that nature

0:05:05.502,0:05:07.373
that...that will tend to get people's

0:05:07.373,0:05:08.253
attention more.

0:05:08.273,0:05:11.628
When I started, I was a designer and I

0:05:11.628,0:05:13.514
wanted to make things look pretty. And you

0:05:13.514,0:05:16.334
don't think about anything besides the

0:05:16.334,0:05:19.737
aesthetics. And what I soon realised was

0:05:19.737,0:05:22.466
that when you have something that works

0:05:22.466,0:05:26.146
it already looks good, right, so

0:05:26.146,0:05:27.662
that's where I started to move towards

0:05:27.662,0:05:30.029
things being functional then the beauty

0:05:30.029,0:05:31.650
came along after that.

0:05:31.650,0:05:35.046
I don't believe that making a site

0:05:35.046,0:05:38.472
accessible inhibits creativity. In fact

0:05:38.472,0:05:41.482
I would argue it...it...helps creativity,

0:05:41.482,0:05:43.069
it improves creativity.

0:05:43.069,0:05:44.979
Good accessible design often closely

0:05:44.980,0:05:48.597
relates to good usable design. And we

0:05:48.597,0:05:50.397
found a really close parallel between good

0:05:50.400,0:05:53.533
mobile design, mobile for mobile devices

0:05:53.533,0:05:56.141
and the simplicity and clarity of good

0:05:56.141,0:05:57.427
accessible design.

0:05:57.427,0:05:58.247
Safari

0:05:58.247,0:05:59.750
skip to primary content.

0:05:59.750,0:06:00.760


0:06:00.760,0:06:04.557
In page link. Current Student. Future Student.

0:06:04.557,0:06:07.647
Menu Item. Accessible Technology.

0:06:07.797,0:06:10.216
So they are all inter-related

0:06:10.216,0:06:11.827
and basically if you're making a really

0:06:11.827,0:06:13.896
complicated site with lots of stuff on it.

0:06:13.896,0:06:15.820
When you're doing, using different methods

0:06:15.820,0:06:18.063
all over the place.  You're probably

0:06:18.083,0:06:19.833
not building that great a site anyway.

0:06:19.943,0:06:22.303
The way we create websites today, has

0:06:22.342,0:06:24.374
improved from 10 years ago. We're not

0:06:24.374,0:06:26.881
using in-line styles, we're not only

0:06:26.881,0:06:30.667
designing for 1 screen size. So the

0:06:30.667,0:06:33.101
developers and designers are forced to

0:06:33.101,0:06:35.086
design for every person and every device.

0:06:35.086,0:06:39.938
We can't go backwards, we can't become

0:06:39.938,0:06:40.878
limited again.

0:06:40.942,0:06:44.592
Primarily what you can do as a designer

0:06:44.592,0:06:46.531
to  to check for accessibility is

0:06:46.531,0:06:48.858
making sure that you have good headings.

0:06:48.858,0:06:51.033
Good proper headings and headings

0:06:51.033,0:06:55.023
structure  good labels on inputs

0:06:55.031,0:06:57.201
good labels on buttons and links

0:06:57.210,0:06:59.436
so making sure you're using the right tags

0:06:59.436,0:07:01.966
and the second best thing I would say,

0:07:01.978,0:07:04.298
at least that I do are  checking

0:07:04.323,0:07:05.863
with the keyboard, just looking to see

0:07:05.863,0:07:08.714
keyboard navigation, making sure there's

0:07:08.714,0:07:10.355
you know there's good focus, indicators

0:07:10.355,0:07:11.997
and that you don't get the focus trapped

0:07:11.997,0:07:12.900
anywhere.

0:07:12.900,0:07:16.590
The heart of the challenge in  sort of

0:07:16.590,0:07:18.570
the development world is that many

0:07:18.570,0:07:21.403
developers you know look around and find

0:07:21.403,0:07:23.523
open source libraries with really cool

0:07:23.523,0:07:26.567
stuff. So they find ways to make things

0:07:26.581,0:07:28.528
bounce across the screen, or make things

0:07:28.528,0:07:30.411
get big and small and so on. And it just

0:07:30.411,0:07:32.491
doesn't enter their mind to evaluate them

0:07:32.491,0:07:33.161
for accessibility.

0:07:33.404,0:07:34.969
When you're looking at a java script

0:07:34.969,0:07:36.698
library or a content management system,

0:07:36.698,0:07:38.146
piece of code that you would like to use,

0:07:38.146,0:07:40.636
you need to look both at, does it do what

0:07:40.646,0:07:43.406
you want for the web and does it also,

0:07:43.406,0:07:45.911
is it also accessible? In other words,

0:07:45.972,0:07:46.662
does it do it for you and for everybody.

0:07:46.832,0:07:48.683
So as soon as you build something, you go

0:07:48.683,0:07:50.122
back and you check it and check it over

0:07:50.122,0:07:52.348
and over again. On multiple browsers, on

0:07:52.348,0:07:55.163
multiple machines. You know I'll even call

0:07:55.163,0:07:57.453
people you know overseas,and say "hey can

0:07:57.468,0:07:59.044
you can you find it, can you check it, is

0:07:59.044,0:08:01.286
it working for you? Oh ok good you know.

0:08:01.286,0:08:03.184
And now they have tools out there where

0:08:03.184,0:08:05.378
you can check on every single browser out

0:08:05.378,0:08:07.278
there. In the past, that was really

0:08:07.303,0:08:09.124
important, it still is.  We have a few

0:08:09.124,0:08:10.663
browsers out there, like a handful of

0:08:10.663,0:08:12.831
browsers that we use, but we need to check

0:08:12.831,0:08:15.281
it on on every possible system and platform.

0:08:15.281,0:08:17.815
The best thing that you can do ultimately

0:08:17.815,0:08:19.625
to check a design be it, checking for

0:08:19.625,0:08:22.635
usability or accessibility is actually

0:08:22.635,0:08:23.981
putting it in front of users and seeing if

0:08:23.981,0:08:24.555
they can use it.

0:08:24.555,0:08:26.695
You know, no matter how great your site is

0:08:26.695,0:08:28.115
you know you may think you're hitting all

0:08:28.123,0:08:29.513
the standards, then you watch someone go

0:08:29.513,0:08:32.267
through it and you say well, wow they had

0:08:32.267,0:08:33.635
...that didn't work out so well

0:08:33.635,0:08:37.605
When I think of what a university does at

0:08:37.605,0:08:43.356
it's core is to, not take everyone with

0:08:43.356,0:08:46.197
very similar ideas and turn out people

0:08:46.197,0:08:49.287
with the same ideas, but it's to benefit

0:08:49.287,0:08:52.418
from a broad range of abilities and skills

0:08:52.418,0:08:55.516
and different perspectives. And I see

0:08:55.516,0:08:57.660
accessibility and disability as being a

0:08:57.660,0:08:58.750
part of that spectrum.

0:08:58.762,0:09:00.932
I think accessibility needs to be talked

0:09:00.944,0:09:02.846
about more, it needs to be taught in

0:09:02.846,0:09:04.885
the institution, in schools, it needs to

0:09:04.885,0:09:07.302
be enforced in institutions and commercial

0:09:07.302,0:09:08.092
environments.

0:09:08.100,0:09:10.479
As new technology comes out, I think there

0:09:10.479,0:09:12.427
will be some there just neglect it

0:09:12.427,0:09:14.746
completely, and others that champion it.

0:09:14.746,0:09:17.226
And the ones that champion it will be more

0:09:17.237,0:09:19.271
user-friendly to everybody else, and they'll

0:09:19.271,0:09:20.131
win in the marketplace.

0:09:20.219,0:09:23.709
I think the future of the web is to

0:09:23.709,0:09:25.192
be making fewer and fewer assumptions

0:09:25.192,0:09:27.076
about how other people use it. We have

0:09:27.076,0:09:32.096
mobile devices, we have screen readers,

0:09:32.096,0:09:34.389
and we even have your web page or your

0:09:34.390,0:09:36.443
content might be used by another machine

0:09:36.443,0:09:38.305
so I think the fewer of the web is to

0:09:38.305,0:09:40.227
continue making fewer and fewer

0:09:40.227,0:09:42.537
assumptions and more universal content

0:09:42.537,0:09:45.607
that is not restrictive or exclusive.

0:09:46.036,0:09:48.626
I think it can be very challenging for a

0:09:48.626,0:09:54.085
certain applications to serve people with disabilities

0:09:54.085,0:09:56.785
but that's where the engineer needs to

0:09:56.785,0:09:59.202
think about "why did I become an engineer"

0:09:59.202,0:10:02.462
to make the impossible, possible, to solve

0:10:02.477,0:10:04.643
big problems. And this is a big problem,

0:10:04.643,0:10:06.331
so let's attack it, let's solve it.

0:10:06.331,0:10:07.251